Saturday, December 22, 2018

Phos Hilaron

For our midweek Advent devotionals, we've been looking at several ancient Christian hymns.  The following are the notes I used for my favorite along with two videos.  Enjoy!



John 14…

6Jesus answered, “I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me. 7If you had known Me, you would know My Father as well. From now on you do know Him and have seen Him.”
8Philip said to Him, “Lord, show us the Father, and that will be enough for us.”
9Jesus replied, “Philip, I have been with you all this time, and still you do not know Me? Anyone who has seen Me has seen the Father. How can you say, ‘Show us the Father’? 10Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father is in Me? The words I say to you, I do not speak on My own. Instead, it is the Father dwelling in Me, performing His works.

The word of the Lord!



This evening, with God’s help, I’d like to spend a few minutes introducing [reviewing] what is the oldest Christian hymn known in history outside the Bible.

There are apparently ancient Christian hymns actually INSIDE the Bible – for instance scholars believe that the passage we heard a few moments ago, John 1 – John's “prologue” … was an example of one.

There are others also. 
Listen to some of them:  They are only a few verses long – listen and young people I want you to tell me something that they are about – what sticks out to you about them.

Phil 2

Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus, who, being in the form of God, did not consider it [b]robbery to be equal with God, but [c]made Himself of no reputation, taking the form of a bondservant, andcoming in the likeness of men. And being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross. Therefore God also has highly exalted Him and given Him the name which is above every name, 10 that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven, and of those on earth, and of those under the earth, 11 and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.


Col 1.12-20

12 giving thanks to the Father who has qualified us to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in the light. 13 He has delivered us from the power of darkness and [c]conveyed us into the kingdom of the Son of His love, 14 in whom we have redemption [d]through His blood, the forgiveness of sins.
15 He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation. 16 For by Him all things were created that are in heaven and that are on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or [e]principalities or [f]powers. All things were created through Him and for Him. 17 And He is before all things, and in Him all things consist. 18 And He is the head of the body, the church, who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things He may have the preeminence.
19 For it pleased the Father that in Him all the fullness should dwell, 20 and by Him to reconcile all things to Himself, by Him, whether things on earth or things in heaven, having made peace through the blood of His cross.

  

Heb 1:1-3

God Has Spoken by His Son 1Long ago God spoke to our ancestors in many and various ways by the prophets,2but in these last days he has spoken to us by a Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, through whom he also created the worlds.3He is the reflection of God's glory and the exact imprint of God's very being, and he sustains all things by his powerful word. When he had made purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,



1Tim 3:16

16Without any doubt, the mystery of our religion is great: He was revealed in flesh, vindicated in spirit, seen by angels, proclaimed among Gentiles, believed in throughout the world, taken up in glory.


 1Pet 2:21-25
21For to this you have been called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example, so that you should follow in his steps.22“He committed no sin, and no deceit was found in his mouth.”23When he was abused, he did not return abuse; when he suffered, he did not threaten; but he entrusted himself to the one who judges justly.24He himself bore our sins in his body on the cross, so that, free from sins, we might live for righteousness; by his wounds you have been healed.25For you were going astray like sheep, but now you have returned to the shepherd and guardian of your souls.

Many things stick out from these Ancient Christian hymns INSIDE the Bible.

The major themes are these: God’s glory – appearing to us by Jesus’ appearing – and just like in John 1 – this is often described in terms of our experience of light and brightness.

This is ALSO the theme of the most ancient Christian hymn OUTSIDE the Bible –

It is called, in Greek – Phos Hilaron - Φς λαρόν

[Latin: Lumen Hilare]

It is written in Koine Greek:

Phos – light
Hilaron – cheerful, joyful

One of the most common English versions puts it this way:  “O gladsome light”.


Translated by Robert Bridges in 1899.  [talk through it in a minute]

There is an early Church record of St Basil the Great of Caesarea referring to Phos Hilaron as one of his favorite, old hymns.  Our elder brother, Basil, lived and ministered in the mid to late 300’s.

And he considered it an “old” hymn.   Just to put that in perspective, the council of Nicaea from which we get the Nicene Creed – took place in 325.  So it is very likely that the Church Fathers sung this hymn as they met together and forged the lines of the Creed we hold so precious. 

It’s sometimes called “the lamp lighting hymn”.

It is an evening Prayer Song- one that has been used in Eastern Church liturgies for evening/vespers – at the time when the church candles are lit –

So it is an evensong – one that accompanies the daily rhythm of our lives.  For many of us, there is a quiet ritual when, the lamps of a house are lit.  This is a song for when that takes place.  The world is going dark, but light is brought in, so life and safety can continue.

Because it is sung as an evening prayer at the daily lighting of the church candles in Eastern churches – that means it has very likely been sung, every single day, by Christians across the world, for over 1,700 years.

That is a staggering fact!

It is worth noting that Biblically speaking, and in the Eastern Church from what I understand, this is understood, the sunset marks the beginning of a new day, not the end of an old day.

According to Wikipedia, the original melody in the Greek liturgy is still sung in the Orthodox Church, but “is considered taxing on the voice as it spans almost two octaves, with the voice peaking on the words "Heavenly" and "the Father"”.

Our tune version comes from two men who were hired as Church musicians by John Calvin, himself!  Louis Bourgeois, a French Calvinist hymn composer from the 1500s most famous for the doxology tune.  The harmony is by Claude Goudimel, another French Calvinist hymn composer who has given us many of our favorite Genevan tunes [62 hymn tunes in the Cantus Christi are attributed to him].

The translator is Robert Bridges, Britain’s Poet Laureate from 1913 – 1930, close personal friend of Gerard Manley Hopkins [the reason we have Hopkins' poems].

He translated Ah, Holy Jesus, how hast thou offended; Jesus, best and dearest; Jesu, Joy of Man’s Desiring; O Splendor of God’s Glory Bright [Ambrose]; and When Morning Gilds the Skies.

Let’s look at the words and then we’ll sing through once together.

O gladsome light, O grace Of God the Father's face,
The ‘eternal splendour wearing; Celestial, holy, blest,
Our Saviour Jesus Christ,Joyful in thine appearing.
Now, ere day fadeth quite,We see the evening light,
Our wonted hymn outpouring;Father of might unknown,
Thee, his incarnate Son,And Holy Spirit adoring.
To thee of right belongs All praise of holy songs,
O Son of God, Lifegiver; Thee, therefore, O Most High,
The world doth glorify, And shall exalt forever.

*note – wonted means habit or regular.  This is a daily prayer, sung while turning on the lamps or lighting candles [something we do a lot in our old house with very few ceiling lights].

Our Lord is described here as the light, radiating from the Father’s face.  In the beginning of this service, we heard Psalm 4, a prayer that God would shine the light of His countenance upon us and give us His peace and protection through the night.  This is the same idea contained in the beautiful Aaronic benediction.

That God would shine the light of His face upon us.

Our Lord’s birth is the answer to this prayer, prayed thousands upon thousands of times.  The Christchild in the manger was the fulfillment of that benediction, pronounced thousands upon thousands of time.  In Jesus, the light of the Father’s face has shown upon us.


Thanks be to God for His indescribable Gift!



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